What is this inverter?
Alternating current (AC) power supply is used for almost all residential, commercial and industrial needs. But the biggest issue with AC is that it cannot be stored for future use
Therefore, alternating current is converted to direct current (DC), and then the direct current is stored in batteries and supercapacitors. And now, whenever alternating current is required, the direct current is converted back to alternating current to run electrical appliances (AC-based appliances).
Therefore, a device that converts direct current into alternating current is called an inverter. Inverter is used to convert DC to AC variable. This change can be in voltage magnitude, number of phases, frequency or phase difference
What are inverters like?
Inverters can be very large and heavy - especially if they have built-in batteries to operate independently. In addition, inverters generate a lot of heat, which is why they have both large heat sinks (metal fins) and fans.
As you can see in the photo above, their normal models are almost the size of a car battery or car battery charger; Larger units look a bit like multiple car batteries stacked vertically.
The smallest inverters are more portable boxes about the size of a car radio that you plug into your car's cigarette lighter to generate AC power to charge your laptop or cell phone.
Just as the power consumption of electrical appliances is different from each other, the produced power of inverters is also different from each other.Usually, to be more sure, you should choose an inverter that has a power of about a quarter more than the maximum power of the device you want.
With this work, we have actually taken into account that some electrical appliances (such as refrigerators and freezers and fluorescent lamps) consume maximum power (peak power) at the moment they are turned on. Although inverters are capable of providing peak power for a short period of time, it is important to consider that inverters are not designed to work at peak power for a long time.
How does the motor inverter work?
If we want to provide a definition of the term "Inverter", we must say that it is a device with the help of which the direct current of DC electricity is converted into alternating current of AC. The city AC power inverter works in such a way that it converts city alternating current with a voltage of 220 volts and a frequency of 50 Hz to DC power, but it shows its main function when the DC power is converted to alternating AC power with a voltage and The required and desired frequency is connected according to the electrical function of the consumer On the other hand, motor speed is directly related to motor voltage and frequency, and the higher the frequency and voltage, the higher the speed. Whenever the load of the electric motor requires a lower frequency and voltage, the inverter is used to reduce its frequency and voltage, and we also use the inverter to reduce the speed of the electric motor.
For example, when you turn on the washing machine to wash less clothes, the machine recognizes that the weight of the clothes is less and starts the motor with less power and speed. The inverter in the elevator creates a more controlled and smoother movement by controlling the speed of the motor in different positions of its movement between floors.
In what way is the current obtained?
The battery is one of the devices that the inverter uses to get the AC current. Of course, one of
the best ways that the inverter can get ac current is using a solar panel. Many devices that play an essential role in our daily life, such as computers and refrigerators, have inverter capabilities Input and output ports of the inverter All inverters use a three-phase output port, but in terms
of the input port, they are divided into two groups, single-phase and three-phase.Inverters with a power of 3 horsepower and below have a single-phase input, and inverters with a power of more than 3 horsepower have a three-phase input. Inverters have an output, but their output current comes out in various forms, including normal, step-by-step, square wave and pure sine wave.
Types of inverters in terms of input and output voltage Single phase to single phase inverter
Single phase input, single phase output inverter Single phase to three phase inverter Single-phase input, three-phase output 220V inverter Three phase to three phase inverter Three-phase input, three-phase output 380V inverter
What are the advantages of the inverter and what are the results of using it?
The inverter has many advantages and advantages. Its intelligent efficiency is the most important feature of the inverter. The inverter detects the amount of load circulating on the motor side and then commands the motor to output it accordingly.
Also, the inverter saves the amount of energy consumption, which causes a significant reduction in costs.In addition, since the inverter reduces mechanical shocks to the engine, the life of mechanical parts increases. On the other hand, with the inverter, the motor can be connected and disconnected without the need for electricity
What are the types of inverter applications?
Today, inverters are used in most agricultural pumps, production lines, elevators, industrial plants, etc. which are used in industrial automation equipment. Inverters have various applications based on their types, which we are going to discuss in this part of the article and examine each one.
Among the important advantages and applications of the inverter, the following can be mentioned saving on electric energy consumption and thus reducing costs;
Reducing the current of starting electricity and, as a result, increasing the durability and life of the engine; Increasing the life of mechanical parts after the engine due to the reduction of
mechanical shocks in different parts of the engine and moving equipment due to the soft start
of the engine; The ability to change the speed and direction of the motor without the need for contactors and other electrical devices; The possibility of intelligentization and planning for the movement of the engine; turning on and off the engine without the need to disconnect and connect the main power; providing protection against overload and thus preventing the engine from burning; The possibility of motor operation in conditions where the input voltage to it is constantly changing and protection of the motor against a sudden increase in voltage;
Increasing the speed more than the nominal speed in the engine.Application of ac inverters If you have a thremotor that does not need to be run at full speed, you can greatly reduce its energy costs by using motor control with an industrial drive or ac inverter. AC inverters allow us to match the speed of the motor equipment with the process equipmentTo put it simply, we have a series of equipment that requires the electric motor in it to rotate at a certain speed,and the inverter is responsible for doing this.
Application of inverter in reducing energy consumption Inverters allow us to spend less time evolving speed load requirements than other speed control techniques.Using its energy saving function, an inverter first saves the motor by assigning a certain amount of power to the motor in its slippage.
Then it calculates the amount of power that should be applied to the motor according to the frequency spectrum of the power measurements and the set parameters of the motor Application of inverter in increasing life span Equipment and maintenance reduction Single-
speed methods start the motor suddenly and expose it to high starting torque and current fluctuations, which is about 10 times the full load current.
On the other hand, ac inverters gradually and uniformly raise the motor to the desired operating speed to reduce mechanical and electrical stress, as well as reduce repair costs and increase the life of the motor and its equipment.
Also, ac inverters have the ability to operate the motor according to a specialized pattern. The reason for this is to minimize mechanical and electrical stress. In general, there are many different reasons for using inverters in industry
What are the applications of inverter?
All kinds of industrial and construction pumps Booster pump water supply systems Industrial fans
Elevator
Types of overhead cranes and heavy tower cranes Conveyor belt
Extruder devices
All kinds of printing machines
All kinds of machines for plastic injection industries HVDC energy transmission
Vehicle electric drives
Use in solar panels
Power supply
Emergency power sources
induction heater
HVDC energy transmission
In HVDC transmission (transmission of a large amount of energy over long distances with low losses), AC electricity is first converted into high-voltage DC electricity, and then DC electricity is converted to AC with a higher frequency by an inverter.
Vehicle electric drives
Currently, the inverter is used to control the traction power of the engine in some electric vehicles such as the electric train and also some electric and hybrid vehicles such as the Toyota Prius.
In particular, the various advances made in inverter technology are due to their application in electric vehicles. In vehicles equipped with regenerative braking, the inverter also takes its energy from the engine (which acts as a generator here) and stores it in the batteries.
Inverter solar panels
Solar panels have a DC output, which is converted to AC by using inverters
Power supply
An inverter converts DC power from sources such as batteries, solar panels, and fuel cells into AC power. The output power can be converted to any voltage required. Micro inverters directly convert current from solar panels into alternating current Emergency power sources Use of battery and inverter as uninterruptible power supply (UPS) to supply AC power when mains power is not available.When the main power is restored, the rectifier is used to charg the batteries
What is the difference between UPS and inverter?
induction heater Inverters are used to raise the frequency of the main electricity for use in the induction heater. For this, first, the main electricity is converted to DC and then the DC electricity is converted to AC with a higher frequency using an inverter.
Wind turbinesIn wind power plants, even though it is AC, it has a variable frequency of inefficiency. Meanwhile, it is first converted to DC electricity using a converter, and then it is converted to AC electricity with frequencies of 50 and 60 Hz using an inverter.
Becomes Why should we use an inverter?
Reducing energy consumption and costs If your desired work does not require the motor to move at full speed, you can control its speed with an inverter and reduce your costs. This is just one of the advantages of using an inverter.With the help of the inverter, you can adjust the speed of the motor according to the load on it.
There is no other way for an AC motor counter to do this Today, more than 65% of energy consumption in industries is related to electric motors. Optimizing the control of motors by installing inverters can reduce their energy consumption by more than 70%, in addition, the use of inverters increases product quality and reduces production costs. Tax discounts for optimal energy consumption and other discounts make the investment to buy an inverter return in less than 6 months.
Increase production with the help of more precise control If the electric motors work at the right speed, fewer errors will occur in the production line, the production level will increase and as a result, your income will increase. Cleaning the contamination of the conveyor belts and especially around the motors can play an effective role in increasing the efficiency of the motors.
Extending life and reducing equipment maintenance Using an inverter that adjusts the optimal speed of the electric motors increases the life of the device and reduces downtime due to repairs. Due to optimal control of frequency and voltage, inverters can protect your motor against damages such as electrical overloads, phase-to-phase connection, low voltage, high voltage, etc.to protect When you start an electric motor with an inverter, you don't have to worry about the shock at the moment of starting, because the inverter starts the motor slowly, and as a result, this shock does not affect conveyors, gearboxes, bearings and other equipment. to be It is also a very convenient way to reduce the impact of the ram (as it is called). Because it can have very smooth acceleration and deceleration cycles How to choose an inverter In order to choose the right inverter for the intended user, you should pay attention to the following
points Type of power input to the inverter (single phase or three phase) Electric motor current The amount of kilowatts of the electric motor Type of use of the electric motor (light work or heavy work)
The temperature of the environment where the inverter wants to be installed The humidity level of the installation site Inverter price The price of the inverter depends on various factors, including the power and kilowatts of the inverter, whether it is single-phase or three-phase, and most importantly, the control options an inverter provides you. As a result, the price of the inverter depends on these factors inverter power Input voltage (single-phase or three-phase) Technology level and control facilities Communication options with other industrial controllers Classification of types of inverters Inverters are classified into different types based on output, source, type of load, etc. Below is the complete classification of inverter circuits:
Types of inverters according to output characteristics Square wave inverter
Sine wave inverter
Modified artificial wave inverter
Types of inverters according to the source Power source inverter
Voltage source inverter
Types of inverters according to the type of load
Single phase inverter Half bridge inverter Full bridge inverter
Three phase inverter
180 degree mode
120 degree mode
Types of inverters based on PWM technique 1. Single pulse width modulation (SPWM) 2. Multiple pulse width modulation (MPWM) 3. Sine Pulse Width Modulation (SPWM)
4. Modified sinusoidal pulse width modulation (MSPWM) Types of inverters according to the number of output levels Normal two-level inverter
Multilevel inverter
Now we will explain about all of them. You can check sample 12V DC to 220V inverter circuit here Classification of inverters based on output waveform The output waveform is one of the criteria for dividing inverters. These devices are divided into three categories Square wave inverters These types of inverters are used less than other inverters. The output waveform of this device is in the form of a square wave. In general, household appliances and all electrical equipment that works with AC power are designed for sine waves. The function of the square
wave inverter is to convert the dc signal into an ac signal with a phase shift Pseudo sine wave invertersThese types of inverters generate a signal that is similar to a sine wave. These types of sheets can change the phase directly from positive to negative.Also, the structure of the pseudo-sine inverter is more complicated than the square wave inverter Pseudo sine wave invertersThese types of inverters generate a signal that is similar to a sine wave. These types of sheets can change the phase directly from positive to negative. Also, the structure of the
pseudo-sine inverter is more complicated than the square wave inverterSine wave inverters This category of inverters is considered the most complex and at the same time the most efficient type of inverters. Sine wave inverters produce a pure sine wave shape that is similar to the shape of a grid power wave. Note that these types of inverters produce less losses but have
a high manufacturing cost. These inverters can be used in many commercial and home applications Short and important questions about inverter
What is the function of the inverter?
Receiving the sinusoidal voltage of the network with a frequency of 50 Hz and converting it into a sine wave with the desired frequency is the output.How do you troubleshoot the inverter? Power switch troubleshooting. When a power inverter does not turn on after pressing the
power switch, the switch may be the problem!
Check the battery connections
Replace the defective battery
Order and replace parts
Test the inverter
Why is my inverter off?
This case is mostly related to the output voltage level of the inverter. When the voltage gets too high, the inverter shuts down for safety reasons
How do you know the inverter is not working?
Inverter not turning on is one of the most common inverter problems. ... If there is a defective battery, replace it, but if the inverter fails, you need to press the given reset button on the device to reset. If your battery is weak, it is recommended to charge it for a few hours
What modules are required for frequency conversion in the inverter?
Rectifier bridge in the input, DC link in the middle part and IGBT inverter module in the output Does WiFi work on the inverter?
The device has a small battery that can support up to 4 hours. However, the promised time is 4 hours and the practical time is much less. The battery also does not work most of the time. If this box is not connected to your inverter, your wifi will not work
How to reset the inverter?
Turn your inverter off and on again
Step 1
AC off.Turn off the AC disconnect
Step 2
DC off. Turn off the DC isolator which should be located below the inverter
Step 3
Turn on the DC
Step 4
Turn on the AC
What is the most important difference between inverter and soft starter?
The inverter remains in the circuit during the entire operation period of the motor, but the soft starters are removed from the circuit after the start-up phase is finished.
Why is the line filter used in the inverter?
To prevent the creation of harmonics in the network and the negative impact on the performance of other equipment caused by diode rectifiers
What is an inverter?
An inverter is a power electronic device that can control the speed of AC electric motors